Integrated forest biorefineries challenges and opportunities

Table of Contents: “…Contents note continued: 7.5.2.Products from Extracted Sugars -- 7.5.3.Chemicals and Materials -- 7.5.4.Insol Fraction -- 7.5.5.Sol Fraction -- 7.6.Summary -- References -- ch. 8 Lignin Recovery and Lignin-Based Products / Birgit Backlund -- 8.1.Lignin Sources -- 8.1.1.Sources in Nature -- 8.1.2.Industrial Sources -- 8.2.Lignin Production and Process Integration -- 8.2.1.Lignins from Alkaline Pulping -- 8.2.1.1.Lignin Removal from Pulping Liquors -- 8.2.1.2.Analytical Data on Kraft and Soda Lignins -- 8.2.1.3.Process Integration and System Aspects -- 8.2.2.Lignin from Sulfite Pulping -- 8.2.2.1.Analytical Data on Sulfite Lignins -- 8.2.3.Lignin from Other Liquors -- 8.3.Lignin Upgrading and Products -- 8.3.1.Situation Today -- 8.3.2.Applications for Polymeric Lignin -- 8.3.2.1.Carbon Fibers -- 8.3.2.2.Activated Carbon -- 8.3.2.3.Polyurethanes -- 8.3.2.4.Adhesives -- 8.3.2.5.Complexing Agents -- 8.3.3.Applications for Monomeric Lignin -- 8.3.3.1.Phenols --…”

Nanofillers for Sustainable Applications /